Fertility Healthcare Coverage
Fertility-related health care is diverse and can include fertility treatment services such as medications to assist in conception, in vitro fertilization (IVF), and other health care. It may also include fertility preservation services, such as egg retrieval and storage. In the United States, however, fertility-related healthcare is often not covered by insurance. As a result, some states have passed laws that require insurers to cover fertility treatment and/or preservation care. But, even when fertility health care is covered by insurance, many states still have definitions of “infertility” or other terms that exclude single people and many LGBTQ people from otherwise covered services. As a result, LGBTQ people may have to spend thousands of dollars in out-of-pocket costs to grow their families, even when these services are covered for other people. These Equality Maps track current laws regarding state-mandated coverage of fertility treatment and fertility preservation by both private insurers and state Medicaid programs.
State requires private insurers to cover fertility treatment care and is explicitly inclusive of LGBTQ people
State requires private insurers to cover fertility treatment care
State requires coverage by at least some private insurers or of at least some fertility care, but requirements differ across states (see citations for more detail)
State requires private insurers to offer coverage, but employers may still choose not to include that coverage
State does not require private insurers to cover fertility treatment care
State has requirements or language that may exclude some LGBTQ people or couples
State requires Medicaid to cover at least some fertility treatment care, though coverage differs across states (see citations for more detail)
Please note: These maps are not intended to be legal advice or other advice related to health or insurance. Please consult with lawyers or other professionals as needed.
Thank you to GLAD for their partnership in developing these maps.
Recommended citation:
Movement Advancement Project. [Year of access]. “Equality Maps: Fertility Healthcare Coverage.” www.mapresearch.org/equality-maps/healthcare/fertility_coverage. Accessed [day of access].
Fertility-related health care is diverse and can include fertility treatment services such as medications to assist in conception, in vitro fertilization (IVF), and other health care. It may also include fertility preservation services, such as egg retrieval and storage. In the United States, however, fertility-related healthcare is often not covered by insurance. As a result, some states have passed laws that require insurers to cover fertility treatment and/or preservation care. But, even when fertility health care is covered by insurance, many states still have definitions of “infertility” or other terms that exclude single people and many LGBTQ people from otherwise covered services. As a result, LGBTQ people may have to spend thousands of dollars in out-of-pocket costs to grow their families, even when these services are covered for other people. These Equality Maps track current laws regarding state-mandated coverage of fertility treatment and fertility preservation by both private insurers and state Medicaid programs.
State requires private insurers to cover fertility preservation, including storage
State requires private insurers to cover fertility preservation, but not storage
State requires private insurers to cover fertility preservation, but only for cancer patients
State does not require private insurers to cover fertility preservation
State requires Medicaid to cover at least some fertility preservation services, or for at least some (i.e., cancer) patients (see citations for more details)
Please note: These maps are not intended to be legal advice or other advice related to health or insurance. Please consult with lawyers or other professionals as needed.
Thank you to GLAD for their partnership in developing these maps.
Recommended citation:
Movement Advancement Project. [Year of access]. “Equality Maps: Fertility Healthcare Coverage.†www.mapresearch.org/equality-maps/healthcare/fertility_coverage. Accessed [day of access].
key
- Indicates state law or policy
- Indicates local laws or policies and/or partial law
- Indicates no law or policy
- Enumeration not applicable
- State has law that only covers sexual orientationLaw covers sexual orientation
- State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identityLaw covers sexual orientation and gender identity/expression
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Law covers association
- Law prevents schools from adding LGBTQ protections
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Law bans transgender students from using school facilities consistent with their gender identity
| State | Anti-bullying | Nondiscrimination | Year Passed |
| Citations | Citations | ||
| Alabama | |||
| Alaska | |||
| American Samoa | |||
| Arizona | |||
| Arkansas |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
2011 | |
| California |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
|
| Colorado |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
|
| Connecticut |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
2021 |
| Delaware | |||
| District of Columbia |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
|
| Florida | |||
| Georgia | 2011 | ||
| Guam |
State has law that only covers sexual orientation |
||
| Hawaii |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
||
| Idaho | |||
| Illinois |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
|
| Indiana | |||
| Iowa |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
State has law that only covers sexual orientation |
|
| Kansas | |||
| Kentucky | |||
| Louisiana | |||
| Maine |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
|
| Maryland |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
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| Massachusetts |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
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| Michigan |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
||
| Minnesota |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
|
| Mississippi | |||
| Missouri | State does not have this law | State does not have this law | 2006 |
| Montana | |||
| Nebraska | |||
| Nevada |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
|
| New Hampshire |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
|
| New Jersey |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
|
| New Mexico |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
|
| New York |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
|
| North Carolina |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
||
| North Dakota | |||
| Northern Mariana Islands | |||
| Ohio | |||
| Oklahoma | |||
| Oregon |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
|
| Pennsylvania | |||
| Puerto Rico |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
||
| Rhode Island |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
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| South Carolina | |||
| South Dakota | State does not have this law | State does not have this law | 2012 |
| Tennessee | |||
| Texas | |||
| U.S. Virgin Islands |
State has law that only covers sexual orientation |
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| Utah | |||
| Vermont |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
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| Virginia |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
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| Washington |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
State has law that covers sexual orientation and gender identity |
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| West Virginia |
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| Wisconsin |
State has law that only covers sexual orientation |
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| Wyoming |
